What kind of feedback should be given to enhance student learning?

Providing constructive and specific feedback is crucial for enhancing student learning because it gives learners clear insights into what they are doing well and where they need to improve. This type of feedback goes beyond simple praise or criticism; it focuses on the specific aspects of a student's work or behavior that can be addressed. For instance, instead of saying, "Good job," specific feedback might detail, "Your argument was well-structured, but providing more evidence to support your main point could strengthen your essay."

This approach not only helps students understand their strengths and weaknesses but also provides actionable steps they can take to improve. Moreover, when feedback is specific, it can motivate students by validating their efforts and offering a clear pathway for advancement, facilitating deeper engagement with the material.

In contrast, general praise lacks the detail that students need to know what exactly to continue or change in their approach. Infrequent feedback can lead to a disconnect between student progress and instruction, and negative criticism may demotivate students and discourage their willingness to take risks in their learning. Thus, constructive and specific feedback creates a supportive learning environment that promotes growth and development.